In object-oriented programming, encapsulation is the concept of bundling the data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit, known as a class. Getters and setters are methods used to access and modify the private attributes of a class, thereby controlling how data is accessed and updated from outside the class. Getters Getters are methods that retrieve the value of a private attribute. Setters Setters are methods that modify the value of a private attribute